Deutsch: Feuerfester Werkstoff / Español: Material refractario / Português: Materiais refratários / Français: Matêriau rêfractaire / Italiano: Materiale refrattario
A refractory material is one that retains its strength at high temperatures. ASTM C71 defines refractories as "non-metallic materials having those chemical and physical properties that make them applicable for structures, or as components of systems, that are exposed to environments above 1,000 °F (811 K; 538 °C)".
Refractory materials are used in linings for furnaces, kilns, incinerators and reactors. They are also used to make crucibles.
In the industrial and manufacturing context, refractory refers to a material that is capable of withstanding high temperatures and corrosive environments without melting, softening, or undergoing significant chemical change. Refractory materials are used in a wide range of applications where high temperatures and corrosive conditions are present, such as in the metallurgical, ceramics, and petrochemical industries.
Here are some examples of refractory materials and their applications in the industrial context:
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Furnace linings: Refractory materials, such as fireclay and alumina, are used as linings in furnaces and kilns to protect the interior and prolong the life of the furnace.
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High-temperature insulation: Refractory materials, such as ceramic fibers and blankets, are used as insulation to prevent heat loss and improve energy efficiency in high-temperature environments.
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Steel production: Refractory materials, such as magnesia and chromite, are used as linings and taphole materials in blast furnaces and other metallurgical processes to protect the equipment and improve production efficiency.
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Ceramic production: Refractory materials, such as alumina and zirconia, are used in the production of ceramics to withstand high firing temperatures and provide desired physical and chemical properties.
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Petrochemical processing: Refractory materials, such as silicon carbide and alumina, are used in petrochemical processing, such as refining and cracking, to withstand corrosive and high-temperature environments.
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Glass production: Refractory materials, such as boron nitride and mullite, are used in glass production to line furnaces and support the glass during the melting process.
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Kiln construction: Refractory materials, such as fireclay and high-alumina cement, are used to construct kilns and furnaces, such as kiln cars, hearths, and arches.
These are just a few examples of the use of refractory materials in the industrial and manufacturing context. Refractory materials are essential components in many high-temperature and corrosive environments, and their selection and use are critical to the success and efficiency of industrial processes.