In the industrial context, an 'ingredient' is a substance that is used in the production of a finished product, such as a food, beverage, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic.
Here are some examples of different types of industrial ingredients:
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Flavorings: These are substances that are added to foods and beverages to enhance their taste and aroma. Examples include natural and artificial flavors, spices, and herbs.
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Emulsifiers: These are substances that help to mix two immiscible substances, such as oil and water. Examples include lecithin, mono- and diglycerides, and polysorbates.
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Sweeteners: These are substances that are used to add sweetness to foods and beverages. Examples include sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, and artificial sweeteners.
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Stabilizers: These are substances that help to maintain the consistency and texture of a product. Examples include pectin, agar, and carrageenan.
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Preservatives: These are substances that are added to food and beverages to prevent spoilage and extend their shelf life. Examples include sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and citric acid.
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Colorants: These are substances that are added to foods and beverages to enhance their color. Examples include natural colors derived from plants and synthetic colors made from chemicals.
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Vitamins and minerals: These are substances that are added to foods and beverages to increase their nutritional value. Examples include vitamin C, iron, and calcium.
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Antioxidants: These are substances that prevent oxidation, which can cause spoilage and deterioration of products. Examples include vitamin E, BHA, and BHT.
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Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs): These are substances that are used in the production of drugs and medicines. Examples include aspirin, penicillin, and insulin.
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Surfactants: These are substances that lower the surface tension between two substances, allowing them to mix more easily. Examples include sodium lauryl sulfate, Tween, and Triton.