Deutsch: Polymer / Español: Polímero / Português: Polímero / Français: Polymère / Italiano: Polimero
A polymer is a large molecule composed of many repeated subunits, known as monomers. Because of their broad range of properties, both synthetic and natural polymers play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life. Polymers range from familiar synthetic plastics such as polystyrene (or styrofoam) to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function.
In the industrial context, a polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating subunits called monomers. Polymers have a wide range of properties and are used in a variety of industries, including plastics, textiles, and electronics.
Examples of polymers in the industrial context include:
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Polyethylene: A commonly used polymer in the production of plastic products, such as bags, bottles, and containers.
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Polypropylene: Another polymer commonly used in the production of plastic products, such as automotive parts and packaging materials.
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Polystyrene: A polymer used in the production of foam products, such as disposable cups, packaging materials, and insulation.
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Nylon: A synthetic polymer used in the production of textiles, such as clothing, carpeting, and upholstery.
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Silicone: A polymer used in the production of sealants, adhesives, and medical devices.
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PVC (polyvinyl chloride): A polymer used in the production of pipes, wire insulation, and vinyl flooring.
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PET (polyethylene terephthalate): A polymer used in the production of bottles and containers for food and beverage packaging.
Polymers can be made from a variety of raw materials, including petroleum, natural gas, and renewable sources such as plants and biomass. The properties of polymers can be customized by varying the chemical composition, molecular weight, and processing conditions used in their production. The use of polymers in industry has revolutionized the production of a wide range of products, providing improved durability, flexibility, and resistance to heat and chemicals. However, the disposal of polymer waste has also raised environmental concerns, leading to efforts to develop more sustainable materials and recycling methods.