Glossary

Deutsch: Sensor / Español: Sensor / Português: Sensor / Français: Capteur / Italiano: Sensore
A sensor is a converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an (today mostly electronic) instrument. For example, a mercury-in-glass thermometer converts the measured temperature into expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a calibrated glass tube. A thermocouple converts temperature to an output voltage which can be read by a voltmeter. For accuracy, most sensors are calibrated against known standards.

In the industrial context, a sensor is a device that detects or measures physical or chemical properties and converts them into an electrical signal. Sensors are used in many industries, from manufacturing to automotive to aerospace. Here are some examples of sensors used in various industries:

1. Temperature sensor: A temperature sensor detects changes in temperature and can be used to monitor and control temperature in manufacturing processes, HVAC systems, and other applications.

2. Pressure sensor: A pressure sensor detects changes in pressure and can be used to monitor and control pressure in industrial machinery, pipelines, and other applications.

3. Proximity sensor: A proximity sensor detects the presence or absence of objects within a certain distance and can be used to detect objects on a conveyor belt, in a manufacturing process, or in automotive safety systems.

4. Accelerometer: An accelerometer measures changes in acceleration and can be used to monitor and control vibration in machinery, automotive safety systems, and other applications.

5. Flow sensor: A flow sensor detects changes in the flow of liquids or gases and can be used to monitor and control flow in pipelines, manufacturing processes, and other applications.

Similar concepts in the industrial context include:

1. Actuator: An actuator is a device that converts an electrical signal into mechanical movement. Actuators are used in industrial machinery and robotics to control movement and perform tasks.

2. Control system: A control system is a system that uses sensors, actuators, and other components to monitor and control industrial processes.

3. Data acquisition system: A data acquisition system is a system that collects data from sensors and other devices and converts it into a form that can be analyzed and used for control and monitoring.

4. Internet of Things (IoT): The Internet of Things refers to the network of physical devices, including sensors, that are connected to the internet and can be monitored and controlled remotely. IoT is used in many industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and transportation.